Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine

Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Vaccine

 

Currently, the incidence of cancer is continuously increasing in our population. In Thailand, we witness a daily average of 14 deaths and 28 new cases of the disease. In response to this alarming situation, there is now a vaccine available for the prevention of cervical cancer, oral cancer, ovarian cancer, female genital organ cancer, and head and neck cancer caused by the Human Papillomavirus (HPV). It is imperative that we take immediate action to address this issue.

 

Currently, there are two types of vaccines available for preventing cancer caused by the HPV virus:

 

1. The 4-strain vaccine protects against HPV strains 16 and 18, which are the main causes of cervical cancer (70%), as well as HPV strains 6 and 11, which prevent genital warts. Overall, this vaccine provides 70% protection against HPV-related cancer and also guards against genital warts.

 

2. The 9-strain vaccine provides 90% to 94% protection. It protects against HPV strains 16 and 18, which are the main causes of cervical cancer (70%), and also includes HPV strains 6 and 11 to prevent genital warts. Additionally, it offers protection against five more high-risk HPV strains: 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58. Overall, this vaccine provides 90% protection against HPV-related cancer, including prevention of genital warts.

 

Commencing vaccination in the non-dominant arm can begin at the age of 9, specifically targeting individuals aged 9 to 15. This vaccination regimen involves administering two doses. The first dose is administered on the initial day, followed by a second dose administered 6 to 12 months after the first. Subsequently, lifelong protection is achieved without the need for additional booster shots.

 

For individuals aged 15 and above, a total of three doses are administered, ensuring lifelong protection. The first dose is given initially, followed by the second dose two months after the first. The third dose is administered four months after the second, and lifelong immunity is established thereafter.