Monkeypox

Monkeypox is a disease caused by a virus that belongs to the same family as smallpox, but it is less severe. The disease reservoir is found in rodents, mostly in the western regions of the African continent. Currently, cases have been reported in the United States, Europe, Canada, Israel, and Australia, affecting more than 300 individuals, predominantly males. The groups that should be closely monitored and avoided are individuals with low immunity, pregnant women, and children under the age of 12.

Symptoms typically appear 7 to 14 days after infection. They include chills, headaches, respiratory symptoms, muscle aches, and swollen lymph nodes. As the fever subsides, a rash develops, primarily on the head, trunk, arms, legs, palms, and soles of the feet. The rash starts as red bumps and turns into cloudy vesicles with a central dimple. The rash occurs simultaneously and the disease lasts for about 2-4 weeks. Most patients recover on their own, while severe cases are more commonly found in young children.

Transmission:

•              Direct contact with excretions, such as nasal secretions, saliva, and skin

•              Inhalation of respiratory droplets

•              Ingestion of undercooked infected animal meat

•              Contact with bedding of sick animals or animals that have been bitten by sick animals

Prevention:

•              Avoid contact with wild animals or individuals with a history of exposure to affected areas

•              Avoid eating undercooked animal meat

•              Wash hands frequently with soap and hand sanitizer

•              Thai population born before 1974 has almost universally been vaccinated against smallpox, which can also provide protection against monkeypox.

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